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Precision Quartz Windows and Sight Glasses

Precision Quartz Windows and Sight Glasses

-- Steady & Reliable Manufacturer --

Introduction

Precision Quartz Windows and Sight Glasses are custom-fabricated optical components made from high-purity fused silica, designed to provide a transparent barrier into high-pressure, high-vacuum, high-temperature, or chemically corrosive environments. These components are essential in scientific and industrial systems where optical access (for viewing, sensing, or laser transmission) is required without compromising the environmental integrity of the chamber. Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd. specializes in manufacturing these windows with stringent requirements for parallelism, flatness, and surface quality to ensure minimal wavefront distortion and maximum optical throughput across the UV-Vis-IR spectrum. We produce these windows from high-grade material, ranging from general-purpose natural fused quartz to JGS1 grade Synthetic Fused Silica for demanding Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) applications.

The primary technical challenge for these components is ensuring their mechanical stability under extreme conditions. Sight Glasses used in high-pressure reactors or vacuum chambers must be designed with appropriate thickness and edge geometry (e.g., beveled or flanged) to safely contain the pressure differential. We offer windows with certified mechanical strength, calculated using the modulus of rupture and safety factors appropriate for the client’s maximum operating pressure and temperature. Optical Windows require a superior surface finish (often Scratch/Dig ≤20/10) and excellent parallelism to prevent beam deviation or image distortion. A key service we provide is the application of specialized coatings, such as Anti-Reflective (AR) coatings for specific laser wavelengths (e.g., 1064 nm or 248 nm), which maximizes transmission and minimizes back-reflection. We also fabricate windows that are hermetically fused or bonded into metal flanges, providing a permanent, leak-tight feedthrough for UHV (Ultra-High Vacuum) or high-pressure gas systems, ensuring long-term operational reliability.

By combining the superior optical clarity of quartz with precise mechanical engineering, we deliver critical windows and sight glasses that allow for reliable observation and measurement in the most challenging environments.

Specification Parameters

ParameterDetails
Material GradeNatural Fused Quartz (Standard), JGS1 Synthetic Fused Silica (DUV/UHP)
Shape/SizeCircular, Rectangular, Custom Shapes (Up to 400 mm diagonal)
Thickness Range1 mm (Thin Optics) to 50 mm (High Pressure/Mechanics)
Surface FlatnessOptical Grade: ≤λ/10 to λ/4 (Low distortion)
ParallelismHigh Precision: <10 arc seconds
Surface QualityScratch/Dig ≤60/40 (Industrial) to ≤10/5 (Laser Grade)
Custom CoatingsAnti-Reflective (AR), High-Reflective (HR), ITO (Transparent Conductive)
MountingBeveled Edges, O-ring Grooves, Hermetically Fused to Metal Flanges

The most crucial specification for Precision Quartz Windows is the Surface Flatness and Parallelism, which dictate the window's optical quality. For laser or high-resolution imaging applications, flatness of λ/10 (one-tenth of the light wavelength) is often required to avoid introducing unwanted aberrations into the optical path. For Sight Glasses, the Thickness and Edge Geometry are designed to withstand the operational pressure, with thicker glass required for higher pressure or larger diameter windows. The use of JGS1 Synthetic Fused Silica is mandatory when transmission below 220 nm (into the DUV region) is required, due to its low OH content and high purity. Our QC process includes verifying flatness and parallelism using interferometry and confirming surface quality via microscopy. For UHV systems, we rigorously clean and bake the windows to minimize outgassing. The option to have the window Hermetically Fused to a Metal Flange provides a key solution for high-vacuum users, eliminating elastomer or metal gaskets and creating a permanent, reliable, UHV-compatible seal. We provide full documentation on the calculated burst pressure for all industrial sight glasses, ensuring client safety and compliance.

Applications

  • High-Pressure/High-Vacuum Chambers: Serving as sight windows for visual inspection and optical access into challenging environmental chambers.

  • Laser System Optics: Used as external beam ports, protective debris shields, and beam steering mirrors in high-power UV, visible, and IR laser systems.

  • Semiconductor Process Equipment: UV-transparent windows for lamp inspection ports in etching, CVD, and annealing systems.

  • Spectroscopy and Sensor Integration: Providing optical access for UV-Vis spectrometers, fiber-optic sensors, and laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics.

  • Flow Cells and Reactor Vessels: Used as end windows for high-intensity UV light transmission into water purification and chemical reactors.

  • Aerospace and Satellite Sensors: Protective windows for UV and visible sensors exposed to high altitude or space environments.

The advantage of our precision quartz windows is the reliability they offer at the interface between the controlled external environment and the demanding internal process. The combination of thermal shock resistance, chemical inertness, and superior optical quality allows these windows to be used where sapphire is too expensive, and standard glass is insufficient. For DUV lithography, the window's performance is non-negotiable, and our JGS1 material meets the industry's lowest absorption standards. Our ability to execute complex edge geometries, such as precise O-ring grooves or mounting shoulders, ensures perfect fit and function in the client's equipment. We also offer windows with wedge angles (slight deviation from parallelism) to prevent laser beam feedback in high-power systems. By controlling the entire manufacturing process, we guarantee the mechanical integrity and optical specifications of every precision window we ship.

Advantages

  • Supreme UV Transmission: JGS1 synthetic fused silica provides optimal transparency down to 170 nm for critical DUV applications.

  • Excellent Mechanical Reliability: High purity and precise thickness engineering ensure integrity under high pressure and high vacuum environments.

  • Optical Grade Finish: Achievable surface flatness (≤λ/10) and parallelism minimize distortion and beam deviation for precision optics.

  • Chemical and Thermal Shock Resistance: Inert to most chemicals and resilient against rapid temperature changes, ensuring long life in reactors and furnaces.

  • Custom Flange Integration: Ability to hermetically fuse quartz windows directly into metal flanges for permanent, UHV-compatible sealing solutions.

  • Coating Services: In-house capability for depositing custom AR coatings to maximize transmission at specific laser wavelengths.

The core advantage is the certified performance at the extremes of both mechanical stress and optical quality. Our precision finishing and material selection expertise eliminate the trade-off between optical clarity and ruggedness. We ensure compliance with safety standards for pressure vessels and ISO standards for optical quality.

Payment and Shipping

We accept standard payments (T/T). Optical grade components require upfront material purity and polishing fees. We offer volume pricing for standard flange-mounted UV windows.

Shipping Protocol for Precision Windows: Extreme protection for polished surfaces and edges.

  • Individual Cleanroom Trays: Each high-precision window is cleaned, inspected, and placed in a non-abrasive, optical-grade tray or container within a Class100 environment.

  • Secured Packaging: Trays are secured in reinforced packaging to prevent any movement or impact that could compromise the surface finish or parallelism.

  • Documentation: Shipments include interferometric reports confirming flatness and parallelism, and safety certificates for pressure applications.

Lead times for standard industrial sight glasses are 3−4 weeks. Custom optical windows with λ/10 flatness and AR coatings require 6−10 weeks, depending on the coating complexity.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  • Q: What is the highest pressure a typical quartz sight glass can withstand?

  • A: This is highly dependent on the diameter and thickness. A small (e.g., 50 mm) 10 mm thick window can withstand several hundred atmospheres (bars), while a large 200 mm window may be limited to ∼10 bars. We provide precise burst pressure calculations for the specific geometry and material requested.

  • Q: What does Scratch/Dig ≤20/10 mean?

  • A: This is the MIL-SPEC standard for optical surface quality. Scratch≤20 refers to the maximum allowed width of any scratch in micrometers. Dig≤10 refers to the maximum allowed diameter of any pit or defect in 1/10 μm units (i.e., a 1.0 μm dig). A 20/10 specification indicates a very high-quality optical surface.

  • Q: Why is quartz often chosen over sapphire for high-pressure/optical windows?

  • A: While sapphire is harder and mechanically stronger, quartz is significantly cheaper, available in much larger sizes, offers better UV transmission (below 200 nm), and is optically isotropic (no birefringence), which is vital for polarized light applications.

  • Q: Can you supply windows with ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) coatings?

  • A: Yes, we offer ITO coatings on quartz windows. This provides a transparent, electrically conductive surface, typically used for heating the window to prevent condensation or for creating a ground plane in RF or plasma applications.

From Made-in-China to
Global Smart Manufacturing

Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd. is a company specializing in the production of quartz and special glass products. Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd. is the production plant of Jinzhou Mingde Quartz Glass Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu, Since its establishment, the company has developed rapidly, introduced advanced technology and production equipment at home and abroad, and continuously improved and improved product quality. Relying on its own advantages, we have developed a variety of products suitable for the market and meet the needs of different customers, and solved many urgent production problems for our customers.

The company's products include quartz glass tubes, double-hole quartz glass tubes, quartz glass rods, quartz sheets, sapphire windows, calcium fluoride glass windows, infrared ultraviolet coatings, high-pressure resistant aluminosilicate glass window panels, quartz glass instruments, high borosilicate glass instruments, quartz crucibles, quartz gold-plated tubes, quartz heaters, quartz infrared heating tubes, far-infrared directional radiation heaters ultraviolet germicidal lamps and other special types of quartz glass products.

Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd.
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