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Quartz Windows

Quartz Windows

-- Steady & Reliable Manufacturer --

High-Performance Polished Quartz View Windows

Quartz windows are highly specialized optical and protective barriers designed for environments requiring superior light transmission, extreme thermal stability, and chemical inertness. Unlike basic glass windows, fused quartz windows are used where conventional materials fail due to high temperatures, pressure differentials, or exposure to harsh, corrosive chemicals or UV radiation. They serve as viewports, isolation barriers, or beam splitters in sophisticated industrial and scientific equipment. Our expertise lies in manufacturing windows with exceptional surface flatness, parallelism, and optical transmission properties, ensuring minimal distortion or beam deviation. We offer both standard circular and rectangular windows, as well as complex shapes with drilled holes, chamfers, or specific coatings (e.g., anti-reflection coatings) tailored for unique systems like vacuum chambers, high-power laser systems, and high-pressure reactors. The exceptionally low coefficient of thermal expansion of fused silica ensures that the window remains dimensionally stable even under severe thermal cycling, preventing seal failure and maintaining optical alignment, which is critical in metrology and lithography applications. We utilize advanced polishing techniques to achieve laser-grade surface quality, ensuring minimal scatter loss and maximal transmission efficiency for high-energy applications. The primary function of a quartz window is to permit observation or transmission of light (often UV or IR) while sealing off a process environment, a role that demands absolute integrity and reliability. Furthermore, we provide detailed stress analysis for high-pressure windows, ensuring they meet safety and performance standards for vacuum to several thousand PSI. Material selection is based on the operational wavelength—synthetic quartz (JGS1) for deep UV, and infrared-grade quartz for high-fidelity IR transmission. Our windows are not simply polished panes of glass; they are precision optical components engineered to endure the most demanding operational parameters in industries ranging from aerospace to food processing. Our commitment to flatness and parallelism ensures that the wavefront distortion is minimized, a necessity for high-resolution imaging and precision beam shaping, making them indispensable components in advanced optical trains globally.

Optical and Mechanical Specification Matrix

The performance of a quartz window is defined by a rigorous set of optical and mechanical specifications that must be precisely controlled during fabrication.

Parameter Standard View Window Optical/Laser Grade Tolerance/Remark
Material Grade JGS2 (UV-Vis Grade) JGS1 (Deep UV/Synthetic) Selected by operational wavelength.
Diameter Tolerance ±0.1mm ±0.05mm Critical for mounting/sealing.
Thickness Tolerance ±0.05mm ±0.01mm Minimizes optical path variation.
Surface Flatness 3λ per inch λ/10 (High Precision) Measured at 632.8nm.
Parallelism <30arc seconds <5arc seconds Minimizes beam deviation.
Surface Quality (Scratch-Dig) 60/40 20/10 (Required for high-power lasers). MIL-PRF-13830B standard.
UV Transmission (T) ≥85% @ 254nm ≥92% @ 190nm Maximum transparency is key.
Chamfer/Bevel 0.5mm×45∘ 0.1mm×45∘ (Optical Bevel) Prevents chipping.

Achieving and maintaining these tight tolerances requires advanced CNC grinding and Continuous Polishing (CP) equipment, followed by meticulous inspection using interferometers and spectrophotometers. Parallelism is crucial for ensuring the transmitted light beam exits parallel to the incident beam, preventing unwanted beam steering. For vacuum sealing applications (e.g., UHV flanges), the edge finish is as important as the surface finish; we provide ultra-smooth edge preparation to ensure a perfect metal-to-quartz or epoxy seal. The Scratch-Dig specification directly correlates to the window's ability to withstand high-power laser exposure without damage (Laser Induced Damage Threshold, LIDT); a 20/10 quality is typically demanded for high-energy systems. We also supply windows with customized anti-reflection (AR) coatings, single-layer or multi-layer, to maximize transmission at specific wavelengths (e.g., 1064nm for Nd:YAG lasers) and minimize surface reflection losses. Buyers must clearly specify the full operational parameters, including the pressure differential, maximum temperature, and the specific wavelength range of interest, as these factors dictate the required thickness and material grade, ensuring optimal structural and optical integrity. Our engineering team can provide thickness calculations based on required pressure ratings to guarantee component safety and compliance.

Diverse Industrial and Scientific Applications

The robustness and optical superiority of quartz windows make them ideal for systems operating under extreme or sensitive conditions where reliability cannot be compromised.

  • High-Vacuum and Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV) Systems:
    • Used as optical viewports on sputtering, deposition, or analysis chambers, allowing laser access or visual inspection while maintaining the vacuum seal.
  • Laser and Optical Metrology Systems:
    • Employed as protective debris shields for sensitive optics or as high-precision beam transmission windows where wavefront integrity is critical (e.g., interferometry, LiDAR).
  • Semiconductor Manufacturing:
    • Viewports on plasma etching chambers or UV curing stations, where the window must resist aggressive chemical plasma and high-intensity UV light simultaneously.
  • Chemical and Petrochemical Reactors:
    • Used as observation windows or sensor ports on pressurized or corrosive chemical reactors, allowing non-invasive monitoring of high-temperature or high-pressure processes.
  • UV Disinfection and Sterilization:
    • Acting as protective covers over high-output UVC lamps (often used in water treatment) to shield the lamp from water or moisture while allowing germicidal UV light to pass through with minimal loss.
  • Aerospace and Defense:
    • Protective covers for external cameras, sensors, or thermal imaging equipment, resisting rapid thermal shock and abrasive particles while maintaining transparency.

In all these environments, the quartz window serves as the critical boundary between the operational environment and the outside world. The ability to withstand high heat without expansion, resist chemical attack, and maintain perfect optical clarity is why quartz is the only viable material. We understand the specific sealing methods required (e.g., metal sealing for UHV, O-ring groove customization), and we fabricate our windows to exacting specifications for these complex assemblies, ensuring a reliable, long-term barrier solution for highly valuable equipment and processes.

Key Performance Benefits of Our Fused Quartz Windows

Our focus on precision manufacturing yields quartz windows that offer industry-leading performance and reliability in demanding applications.

  • Exceptional Thermal Shock Resistance: Fused silica can handle rapid temperature changes better than almost any other material. This is crucial for applications like rapid furnace cooling or sudden exposure to cryogenic temperatures, ensuring the seal integrity is never compromised.
  • Broad Spectrum Transmission: Offering high transparency from the deep UV (185 nm) through the Visible and into the Near-IR range, our windows provide maximum optical throughput for multi-spectral analysis and high-power laser delivery across various wavelengths.
  • Unmatched Purity and Chemical Inertness: The high SiO2​ content ensures the window will not leach contaminants into sensitive process environments (e.g., semiconductor or pharmaceutical), nor will it be chemically degraded by common acids or reactive gases.
  • Certified Optical Precision: We certify surface flatness down to λ/10 and parallelism to less than 5arc seconds for our optical-grade windows. This level of precision is essential for preventing beam distortion and maintaining the integrity of the light path in sophisticated instruments.
  • High Laser Damage Threshold (LIDT): Our superior polishing techniques and stringent surface quality control (20/10 scratch-dig) minimize surface imperfections that can absorb energy, significantly increasing the laser damage threshold for use with high-power continuous wave (CW) and pulsed lasers.
  • Custom Sealing Interface Preparation: We offer precise edge grinding, specialized beveling, and groove cutting (for O-rings) to ensure the window integrates perfectly with standard flange systems (e.g., CF, ISO, KF) or custom housing units, guaranteeing a reliable seal in both vacuum and pressure environments.
  • Long-Term Durability: Due to quartz’s inherent hardness and low thermal expansion, our windows exhibit exceptional longevity, reducing the frequency of replacement and lowering the total cost of ownership in harsh industrial settings.

We employ rigorous non-destructive testing, including polarimetry to check for induced stress and interferometry for flatness, ensuring that every window leaving our facility meets the exact physical and optical demands of the customer's high-tech application.

Procurement and International Shipping Protocols

For high-value, sensitive components like quartz windows, we manage the procurement and logistics process with meticulous attention to security and delivery speed.

  • Flexible Payment Terms: We accept T/T (Wire Transfer) as the standard payment method. For large, recurring orders or high-value custom fabrication, we can establish credit accounts or utilize L/C (Letter of Credit) after credit approval. A standard term is a 30% down payment for custom orders, with the balance due before shipment. We accept payment in USD, EUR, or RMB.
  • Secure, Cleanroom-Ready Packaging: Optical-grade windows are individually packaged in Class 100 cleanroom-compatible pouches, then cushioned with non-shedding foam and secured in heavy-duty, compartmentalized cartons or crates. This ensures protection from physical shock and airborne contamination during transport.
  • Shipping Options and Carriers: We partner with premier global couriers like DHL, UPS, and FedEx for secure, express air freight, which is standard for these fragile components. We typically ship under FOB (Free On Board) or CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) terms. We provide the necessary documentation, including the packing list, commercial invoice, and material safety data sheet (MSDS), to facilitate smooth international customs clearance.
  • Manufacturing Lead Time: Standard size windows with basic polishing usually ship within 5-10 business days. Custom-sized windows, or those requiring precision optical polishing (λ/10) and specialized coatings (AR/HR), may require a lead time of 3-4 weeks from drawing confirmation.
  • Order Tracking and Delivery Assurance: We provide full tracking information upon dispatch. All shipments are comprehensively insured against breakage or loss. In the unlikely event of damage, we guarantee prompt response and replacement, provided the claim is filed within 72 hours of delivery with photographic evidence of the damaged packaging and product. We can also arrange for specialized, climate-controlled shipping for extremely sensitive components if required.

Essential Frequently Asked Questions

  • Q: What is the recommended thickness for a quartz window in a high-pressure vacuum system?

    A: The required thickness is calculated based on the window's diameter, the pressure differential, and the safety factor required. For a large viewport (e.g., 150mm diameter) under full vacuum (1 atm differential), a thickness of 15mm or more is often required to ensure safety. For high-pressure systems (e.g., 1000PSI), the window may need to be significantly thicker or manufactured using a specialized pressure-bearing material like sapphire. We strongly recommend customers provide their maximum operational pressure/vacuum and diameter, and our engineers will provide a verified thickness calculation based on established engineering standards to guarantee safe operation.

  • Q: Can quartz windows be used for infrared (IR) applications?

    A: Fused quartz is generally excellent for Near-IR (up to 2.5μm), but it starts to absorb significantly around 2.7μm due to the presence of hydroxyl (OH) groups. For high-fidelity transmission in the Mid-IR range (3μm to 5μm), a low-OH or "IR-grade" fused silica must be specified. For long-wave IR (>5μm), other materials like CaF2​ or ZnSe might be necessary. It is crucial to specify the exact IR transmission band required so we can select the appropriate quartz grade to minimize absorption losses.

  • Q: What is the significance of the Scratch-Dig rating (e.g., 20/10)?

    A: The Scratch-Dig rating is a metric for the surface quality of an optical component, as defined by MIL-PRF-13830B. The first number (e.g., 20) relates to the maximum width of surface scratches in micrometers. The second number (e.g., 10) relates to the maximum diameter of pits or 'digs' in hundredths of a millimeter. A low number, such as 20/10, indicates superior optical quality required for high-power laser windows or precision imaging, as it minimizes energy absorption sites and light scatter, which are critical failure points. For general viewports, a 60/40 rating is usually sufficient, offering a cost-effective alternative.

  • Q: How should a quartz window be mounted for a UHV seal?

    A: For Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV) applications, the quartz window is typically mounted onto a metal flange (e.g., Stainless Steel CF flange) using a specialized, high-temperature braze or a bonding technique with a metal like Kovar or a titanium alloy. The metal flange can then be bolted to the vacuum chamber. Crucially, the edge of the quartz must be prepared with extreme precision (smoothness and dimensional tolerance) to ensure a perfect, stress-free seal that can withstand high-temperature bake-out cycles. We specialize in manufacturing windows with the edge preparation exactly matching the customer’s specified UHV flange dimensions and material requirements.

From Made-in-China to
Global Smart Manufacturing

Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd. is a company specializing in the production of quartz and special glass products. Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd. is the production plant of Jinzhou Mingde Quartz Glass Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu, Since its establishment, the company has developed rapidly, introduced advanced technology and production equipment at home and abroad, and continuously improved and improved product quality. Relying on its own advantages, we have developed a variety of products suitable for the market and meet the needs of different customers, and solved many urgent production problems for our customers.

The company's products include quartz glass tubes, double-hole quartz glass tubes, quartz glass rods, quartz sheets, sapphire windows, calcium fluoride glass windows, infrared ultraviolet coatings, high-pressure resistant aluminosilicate glass window panels, quartz glass instruments, high borosilicate glass instruments, quartz crucibles, quartz gold-plated tubes, quartz heaters, quartz infrared heating tubes, far-infrared directional radiation heaters ultraviolet germicidal lamps and other special types of quartz glass products.

Yancheng Mingyang Quartz Products Co., Ltd.
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